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The material of led lens has a significant impact on the durability of products. Different materials exhibit varying degrees of high temperature resistance, weather resistance, and impact resistance, which directly affect the service life and stability of the product. Common materials and characteristics of LED lens silica gel: Features: Silicone lenses have excellent high temperature resistance, can be smoothly reflow soldered, and achieve good bonding effect with LED chips. Silicone has relatively high transparency and light retention, but attention should be paid to avoiding changes under strong light irradiation. The impact on durability: The excellent high temperature resistance of silicone can effectively reduce lens deformation or damage caused by temperature changes, thereby extending the service life of the product. PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) is a synthetic resin. Characteristics: PMMA has excellent optical transparency and weather resistance, suitable for use in outdoor storms or harsh conditions. But its high temperature resistance is relatively weak, which may cause the lens to yellow and discolor in high temperature environments, thereby affecting the propagation of light. The impact of durability: Although PMMA performs well in ordinary environments, its durability may be affected under high temperature or extreme weather conditions, thereby shortening the product's service life. PC (polycarbonate): Characteristics: PC material has excellent transparency and high temperature resistance, exhibiting good stability in high temperature environments. In addition, PC materials have strong impact resistance and can effectively resist external impacts and vibrations. However, compared to PMMA, the weather resistance of PC material is slightly insufficient, and it is easily affected by ultraviolet radiation and turns yellow. The impact of durability: In most environments, PC lenses perform well, especially in high-temperature and impact resistant situations. However, in outdoor environments with strong ultraviolet radiation, its durability may be affected to some extent. Glass: Features: Glass lenses have excellent weather resistance and high temperature resistance, which can effectively resist the damage of ultraviolet rays and are not easily discolored. However, its impact resistance is poorer compared to plastic materials, and it is prone to breakage or fragmentation. The impact of durability: Glass lenses perform well in high temperature and weather resistance, but may not be the most ideal choice in situations where impact resistance is required. Due to its fragility, the risk of product damage also increases, which in turn affects its durability.  

Improving Light Efficiency: LED Lens can effectively concentrate light beams and enhance light efficiency. For example, in scenarios that require strong light exposure, such as stage lighting, spotlights, etc., lenses can significantly enhance the intensity and spacing of the light beam. Optimize light scattering: The lens can adjust the light scattering method according to detailed requirements. For example, in road lighting, special lens can achieve more uniform light coverage, reduce dark areas, and improve safety. Improving the utilization rate of light: Lens can reduce the waste of light, allowing more light to be projected onto the target area, thereby improving the efficiency of light utilization. This is particularly important for scenes that require precise lighting, such as operating rooms and museum exhibit lighting. Improving visual comfort: Lenses can effectively reduce glare and increase visual comfort. In office or home lighting, using lenses can create a softer lighting environment, improving the quality of work and life Strong flexibility: There are various shapes and materials of LED lighting lens available on the market, suitable for different application scenarios. Whether it is indoor or outdoor lighting, suitable lens products can be found to achieve the best lighting effect.

Fresnel lenses, also known as threaded led lens, is mostly a thin sheet made of polyolefin material by injection molding, and can also be made of glass. One side of the lens surface is smooth, and the other side is engraved with concentric circles from small to large. Its texture is designed based on the interference and disturbance of light, as well as the requirements for relative sensitivity and receiving angle. Using a regular convex lens, there may be a phenomenon of darkening and blurring of the edges and corners, because the refraction of light only occurs at the interface of the medium. The convex LED lens is thicker, and the part of the light that propagates in a straight line in the glass will attenuate the light. If the straight propagation part can be removed and only the refracted surface can be retained, a large amount of material can be saved while achieving the same focusing effect. The Fresnel lenses adopts this principle. A Fresnel lenses looks like a piece of glass with countless concentric circular grooves (i.e. Fresnel zones), but it can achieve the effect of a convex lens. If the projection light source is parallel light, it can maintain consistent brightness throughout the image after converging and projecting.

The light source excited by chemical energy, electrical energy, and biological energy is called a cold light source; The light source made by using the principle of object heating to generate light radiation is called a thermal light source. It should be noted that cold light sources do not generate heat, but rather their way of emitting light is not through the conversion of thermal energy into light energy. For example, LED lighting lens source is a typical cold light source. The core part of LED lens light source is a chip composed of p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor, with a transition layer called p-n junction between the p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor. In p-n junctions of certain semiconductor materials, when injected minority carriers recombine with majority carriers, excess energy is released in the form of light, directly converting electrical energy into light energy. This is the principle of led lens light source emission. And incandescent bulbs are typical thermal light sources, which first convert electrical energy into thermal energy. After the filament is heated to a very high temperature, the electrons outside the atomic nucleus that make up the filament material elements are excited, causing them to transition to the higher energy outer layer. When the electrons transition to the lower energy electron layer again, the excess energy is presented in the form of light, completing the conversion of thermal energy to light energy. So it is not possible to simply distinguish between cold and hot light sources based on the external temperature of the lamp. Cold light sources do not mean that they do not generate heat. To distinguish between cold and hot light sources, it is necessary to understand their light emission principles and see if they generate light radiation through the heating of objects.

LED lens are mainly used to change the direction and scattering characteristics of the light emitted by LED, making them more concentrated and uniform. In LED lighting and display applications, LED lens are often combined with the concepts of real and virtual images to achieve specific lighting effects or image displays. When led lens are combined with optical systems such as lens groups, mirrors, etc., they can form real or virtual images. This depends on the convergence of light after passing through the LED lighting lens and optical system. In some specific applications, such as LED projectors, the light emitted by the LED passes through a lens and optical system to form a real image, which is then projected onto a screen for the audience to view. In other applications, such as LED displays or LED lighting fixtures, LED lens may be primarily used to alter the scattering characteristics of light to achieve uniform illumination or specific visual effects, rather than directly forming real or virtual images.

Different materials are used on the surface of ceiling lamp lenses with different processes, including glossy cleansing and particle bead surface. LED lens introduction: What are the differences in the surface of ceiling lamp lenses with different processes? 1. Light cleansing 1. This surface processed ceiling lamp lens has high light transmittance and low light loss; 2. Due to the different packaging processes of LED light powder, some LED may produce yellow circles and halos when combined with a light cleaning led lens for focusing. This is caused by uneven excitation of the light powder. When the lens focuses on a small angle light spot, the yellow circle becomes more prominent; 3. As LED belongs to semiconductor lighting sources, it currently cannot achieve the softness of natural light. Therefore, using a light cleansing lens for ceiling lights will cause some dazzling and glaring light; 2. Optical frosted surface or matrix surface (particle bead surface) 1. This surface technology is completed on the mold through special optical processes, which can be the entire surface of the lens or a partial surface; 2. The ceiling lamp lens treated with optical frosted surface will diffuse and mix the light again, resulting in a more uniform spot and softer light that is not harmful to the eyes; 3. This surface process will relatively reduce some light efficiency, with a light loss of about 5%. At the same time, it also depends on the different process accuracies of different manufacturers, and there may be different light loss values. If the process is not good, a loss of more than 20% is also possible; 4. Reducing the matrix bead surface multiple times results in an optical frosted surface, while enlarging the optical frosted surface multiple times results in an irregular particle bead surface. Therefore, these two optical effects are similar, with the optical frosted surface being more delicate in handling mixed light, resulting in a more uniform spot.

1. Penetrating type a, When LED light passes through a curved surface of the lens (double convex has a curved surface), the light will refract and converge, and when adjusting the distance between the lens and the LED, the angle will also change (angle is inversely proportional to distance). The optically designed lens spot will be very uniform, but due to the limitations of I-lens I 'and lens mode, the light utilization efficiency of the LED is not high and the edge of the spot is relatively bright b. Generally used for large angle (50. I.) spotlights, such as table lamps, bar lamps, and other indoor lighting fixtures; 2. Reflective type a. The setting of the lens is to use a penetrating focusing method in front of the LED lighting lens, while a conical shape can collect and reflect all the side light. The electric rod (with the same angle) for these two types of light can achieve the most perfect light utilization and floating spot effect; b. It is also possible to make some changes on the surface of the led lens, which can be designed as a mirror surface, frosted surface, bead surface, striped surface, threaded surface, convex or concave surface, etc. to achieve different optical effects. 3. Lens module a. It is a multi head LED lens that is completed by injection molding multiple individual lens, and can be designed as 3-in-1, 5-in-1, or even dozens of integrated lens modules according to different needs. It is also small enough to combine two separate lenses together through a bracket. b. This design effectively saves the production of wood, ensures consistency in the quality of women's current production, saves space for lighting fixtures, and makes it easier to achieve features such as "high power".

LED lens discusses the specifications of street lamp lenses: 1. Angle specifications Because different roads have different optical requirements, such as the height of streetlights, the distance between streetlight poles, and the type of road (main road, main road, branch road, courtyard community, etc.), the angle requirements for streetlight led lens are also not the same; Generally speaking, the specifications for the focusing angle of street lamp lenses are: 60 degrees, 80 degrees, 100 degrees, and 120 degrees; 2. Generally, the height of street lamp poles on main roads is 10-12M, and the distance between street lamp poles is 30-35M. Therefore, it is calculated that the required angle of the street lamp lens is 100-120 degrees; 2. Spot specifications 1. Circular light spot, generally used for roads in courtyard communities; The irradiation range and illumination requirements are not very high; 2. Elliptical light spots (such as the lens model ST-V20H-LT2060 of the Renda photoelectric street lamp) are generally used in motor vehicle or non motor vehicle lanes, effectively eliminating the dark area on both sides of the circular light spot where the circles meet when illuminated. As a result, the light on the entire road is not evenly distributed or some of the light from the circular light spot exceeds the road surface and is not truly utilized; 3. Rectangular light spot, applied to motor vehicle lanes, effectively utilizes LED light, and the concentrated light is evenly distributed on the road surface, resulting in a uniform light spot; 4. The requirements for street lamp lenses are the light rate, focusing angle, and uniformity of the light spot. Whether the illumination value on the road meets the standard is a design consideration for street lamp manufacturers (such as power size, selection of different brands of LEDs, selection of LEDs with different LM values, etc.)

The correct storage method for two types of optical lens in LED lens Method 1: Place inside a dedicated lens packaging No matter what type of item is purchased, there is a corresponding outer packaging. For high-end items with good precision, there is even a matching inner packaging. Precision optical lens are also equipped with corresponding packaging in the early stages of production. Enterprises that purchase and use precision optical lens must protect all important components when storing them, especially the lens and lens components, which should be carefully cared for. At the same time, these important components should be stored in dedicated packaging boxes. Method 2: Separate and store multiple lens separately Precision optical lens are similar to ordinary optical devices but not completely identical, and there is no significant difference between the two in terms of storage principles. A large number of users habitually stack unused precision optical lens together to save space, unaware that stacking multiple LED lighting lens together will increase the probability of led lens wear. Once the lens are severely worn, it may affect the stable imaging effect of the lens.

What are the functions of microscopes and telescopes? 1. Microscope There are two sets of led lens at each end of the microscope barrel, and each set of LED lens functions as a convex lens. The convex lens near the eye is called the eyepiece, and the convex lens near the observed object is called the objective lens. The light from the observed object passes through the objective lens and forms an enlarged real image, similar to the imaging process of a projector lens; The function of the eyepiece is like a regular magnifying glass, magnifying the image again. After these two magnifying actions, we can see small objects that are invisible to the naked eye. 2. Telescope The telescope is also composed of two sets of convex lenses. The convex lens near the eye is called an eyepiece, and the convex lens near the observed object is called an objective lens. The ability to see an object clearly is crucial for the size of what our eyes perceive. The image formed by the objective lens of a telescope, although smaller than the original object, is very close to our eyes, and with the magnifying effect of the eyepiece, the viewing angle can become very large.

Traditional optical lenses are thicker and smaller in size; Fresnel lenses are both light and large. The principle of Fresnel lens was invented by French physicist Augustin Fresnel. It converts spherical and non spherical LED lens into thin and light flat shaped lenses to achieve the same optical effect. Then, a large number of optical rings are processed on the flat surface through ultra precision machining, and each ring plays an independent led lens role. Fresnel lenses are the best way to achieve large, flat, and lightweight lenses. The manufacturing of Dongguan Lianlong Fresnel lenses, especially large lenses, involves optical design simulation, ultra precision manufacturing technology, polymer materials, and precision molding technology. Fresnel lenses can be widely used in fields such as lighting, navigation, and scientific research. Fresnel lens is a flat plate form that realizes the function of reflecting and concentrating rays. By utilizing this principle and splicing technology, parabolic, ellipsoidal, and highly curved optical lenses of any aperture can be converted into planar shapes, thereby achieving arbitrary size Fresnel lens splicing and exploring applications in solar energy, giant reflective surfaces (such as the Guizhou Tianyan 500 meter aperture radio telescope), and other fields. The infinite splicing technology of Fresnel lenses can be used for splicing techniques ranging from a few meters to hundreds of meters to any large size. This splicing technology can simulate a parabolic surface using a 500 meter diameter Guizhou Sky Eye parabolic reflector, reducing processing difficulty and making installation and adjustment easier.

The human infrared sensor is a device that converts the infrared emitted by the human body or animals into electrical signals. It can be used to detect the presence of the human body, and is therefore widely used in electronic products such as safety devices, anti-theft alarms, sensor doors, automatic lights, and smart toys, all of which are inseparable from Fresnel lenses. The human body sensor module pyroelectric human body infrared sensor can detect the infrared emitted by the human body, but the detection distance is relatively short, generally within 2 meters. In order to improve the detection distance, a Fresnel lens is usually added to the surface of the sensor before receiving light, so that the detection distance exceeds 10m. Fresnel lenses are usually made of high-density polyethylene plastic, and according to a certain manufacturing method, the led lens is divided into several equal parts. LED lens have two functions: one is to focus light; Another approach is to divide the detection area into several bright and dark areas. When people enter a bright area of the detection area, the infrared light emitted by the human body focuses on the corresponding lens part of the bright area, and then shines on the sensitive element through the filter of the sensor, causing the sensitive element to generate voltage; When people enter the dark area, the infrared light of the human body cannot reach the sensitive components, and the voltage at both ends of the sensitive components changes, that is, the voltage at both ends of the sensitive components changes with the presence of light. The changed voltage is amplified by the field-effect transistor and output. The frequency of the sensor output signal is related to the brightness within the detection range and the speed of movement between dark areas. The faster the movement speed, the higher the frequency of the output signal. If people remain stationary within the detection range, the sensor will fix the voltage.

Over time, Fresnel lenses have gradually gained attention and recognition in many fields. Due to its advantages such as thin thickness, small mass, low cost, and good focusing effect, many fields have begun to pay attention to the application of Fresnel lenses. Fresnel lenses, also known as threaded led lens, are mainly made of polyolefin materials, and are also made of glass. One side of the surface is a smooth surface, and the other side is engraved with concentric circles from small to large. Its texture is designed based on requirements for light interference, interference, relative sensitivity, and reception angle. Fresnel lenses have the advantages of ultra-thin structure, ultra large size, ultra light weight, cutting in any shape, excellent light transmittance, low cost, and easy portability. It has more advantages than traditional convex lenses, with less weight than convex LED lens, and is suitable for various occasions. Compared with other lenses, it has the advantages of small size, light weight, compact structure, good focusing imaging performance, and is not inferior to other lenses, therefore it has defensive properties. Widely used in aviation, aerospace, industrial production, and civilian fields.

If the LED lens components are made of optical glass, the production cost is high and they are fragile. If the thickness of the components can be reduced, and even sheet lenses can be made, it can not only reduce the size of optical components, thereby reducing the size of lamps or other equipment, but also save materials and costs. Due to the decrease in thickness, light absorption also decreases, and the efficiency of lamps or instruments will also improve. Therefore, one of the goals pursued by optical design is always one of the goals of optical design. Fresnel lens is a type of thin film lens that has been well applied in some fields, with advantages such as lightweight, thinness, low cost, arbitrary shape cutting, excellent light transmittance, and convenient portability. Widely used in tube lights, spotlights, wall washing lights, stage lights, etc. LED has a small volume, but most of the LED cup shaped lenses sold in the market have a thickness of over 10 millimeters, which has become a fatal problem for LED applications in certain situations, although Fresnel lenses can reduce lens thickness and light absorption. But precise ultra-thin serrations can achieve precise optical design, good optical quality, and high light utilization. Serrated lenses have a wider range of adaptability, which can meet the needs of different usage and processing conditions. Yuying can design LED lens sizes according to customer needs, with adjustable light angles to reduce mold opening costs. Precision machine tool processing, achieving accurate transmission of light. This serrated lens is suitable for secondary optical lenses with LED as the light source. For small light source LEDs, small and thin optical lenses are very meaningful. The method of moving and contracting a serrated lens along the direction of light can achieve higher efficiency. For LED light sources with small light source sizes, the effect is very good.

Lenses and reflective cups are both secondary optical devices and the most common light distribution devices in the LED era. If there were no such core light control components, we would feel that there are fluorescent lamps everywhere, and the light is scattered disorderly. LED lens are simply different from optical lenses and reflective cups. 1. Lens A lens is an optical element made of transparent material with a spherical surface. The lens is composed of several lenses, including plastic lenses and glass lenses. Glass lenses are more expensive than plastic lenses. The typical lens structures used for cameras include: 1P, 2P, 1G1P, 1G2P, 2G2P, 4G, etc. The more lenses there are, the higher the cost. Therefore, a high-quality camera should use glass lenses, which have better imaging effects than plastic lenses and play an important role in fields such as astronomy, military, transportation, medicine, and art. The main material of led lens is PMMA, which has good plasticity and high light transmittance (up to 93%), but the disadvantage is that it has a relatively low temperature resistance, only around 90 degrees. Secondary lenses are generally designed with internal total reflection (TIR), which uses a penetrating spotlight in front of the lens, and the conical surface can collect and reflect all the side light. The overlap of these two types of light can achieve perfect light utilization and beautiful spot effects. The efficiency of TIR lenses can reach over 90%, mainly used in small angle lamps (beam angle<60 °), such as spotlights and ceiling lights. 2. Reflective cup Reflective cup refers to a reflector that uses a point light bulb as the light source and requires long-distance spotlight illumination. It is usually a cup type and commonly known as a reflective cup. Usually, LED light sources emit light at an angle of around 120 °. In order to achieve the desired optical effect, lamps sometimes use reflectors to control the illumination distance, illumination area, and spot effect. Metal reflective cup: requires stamping and polishing processes, has deformation memory, advantages of low cost, temperature resistance, and is commonly used in low-end lighting fixtures. Plastic reflective cup: completed in one demolding, with high optical accuracy, intangible memory, moderate cost, commonly used in mid to high end lighting fixtures with low temperature requirements

1 As an optical grade product, LED lens have strict requirements for transparency, thermal stability, density, refractive index uniformity, refractive index stability, water absorption, turbidity, and maximum long-term operating temperature. Therefore, the material of the led lens must be selected according to the actual situation. In principle, optical grade PMMA should be chosen, and if there are special requirements, optical grade PC can be chosen. At present, Mitsubishi PMMA material is the best in Japan (VH001 is a frequently selected brand), and Mitsubishi's subsidiary in China, Nantong Liyang, is slightly inferior; II It is necessary to equip a dust-free workshop with a level of 10000 or even higher. Operators must wear anti-static clothing, finger covers, masks, and other anti-static and dust-proof measures, and regularly inspect and clean the workshop. III Professional optical injection molding machines from brands such as Toshiba, Demag, Haitian, and Zhenxiong are required, and the injection molding process must be strictly controlled to obtain qualified products. IV Product inspection: No bubbles, no dents, no shrinkage marks, no flow lines, no crescents; Shape accuracy Rt0.005, surface roughness Ra0.0002. V The product must be packaged with anti-static and dustproof PVC, and must be completely sealed. Storage must strictly control temperature and humidity, and it is best not to store for more than one year.

The application of LED lens is becoming increasingly widespread. According to practical application needs, from optical design and modeling to manufacturing of molding molds, suitable lenses are obtained through injection molding. For example, indoor and outdoor lighting wall lights, line lights, stage lights, industrial and mining street light lenses are commonly used. So what are the selection and inspection standards for led lens raw materials? (1) Select lens injection molding materials As an optical grade product, the principle is to choose optical grade raw materials, usually VH001. Optical PC, such as Emperor 1250. Of course, there are many raw material brands in the market that are imported from China and can be chosen according to one's own needs. Therefore, the first step is to master the process characteristics of its raw materials: PMMA (acrylic) has poorer fluidity than PS and ABS, and its melt viscosity is sensitive to temperature changes. During the molding process, the viscosity of the melt mainly changes from the injection temperature. Drying temperature: 80-90 ℃, approximately 2-4 hours. Melting temperature: ranging from 210 ℃ to 270 ℃, depending on the information provided by the supplier. The mold temperature of 70-100 ℃ depends on the actual situation. PC has excellent performance, high transparency, good impact toughness, creep resistance, and a wide temperature range. Melting temperature: Between 270~320 ℃, if the material temperature exceeds 340 ℃, PC will decompose. Poor fluidity of PC is very sensitive to temperature, and the viscosity of the melt significantly decreases with the increase of temperature. Properly increasing the temperature cylinder temperature is beneficial for PC plasticization. Extremely sensitive to water, it must be thoroughly dried before injection molding to reduce its moisture content to below 0.02%. The general drying conditions for PC are 100-120 ℃, and the time exceeds 2-4 hours. Mold temperature control: 85-125 ℃, generally controlled between 80-125 ℃. For products with complex shapes, thin thickness, and high requirements, it can also be increased to 100-125 ℃, but cannot exceed the mold hot deformation temperature. High mold temperature can reduce the difference between mold temperature and PC material temperature, as well as the internal stress of the parts. (2) Inspection standards for lens products No bubbles, dents, shrinkage marks, streamlines, melting marks within an acceptable range (without affecting packaging and usage functions), warping and deformation. The size is within a controllable range (without affecting assembly or secondary injection molding), the product is wired, and the surface is not shiny (without affecting the optical effect) Lens products obtain qualified products through injection molding, which also follow the five elements of pressure, speed, time, temperature, and position, as well as some injection molding laws. But LED lighting lens have stricter requirements than general injection molded products.

Lenses can be widely used in fields such as safety, automotive, digital cameras, lasers, optical instruments, etc. With the continuous development of the market,led lens technology has been increasingly widely applied. Lens pattern: 1. Lenses are represented by lens symbols (a line segment has two V-shaped markings at both ends) Draw the main optical axis and mark the optical center. The focal point can obtain the image features of the lens (such as virtual, real, size, forward and backward) based on the intersection point of two refracted lights (usually the optical center light and parallel to the main optical axis) among the three special lights of the LED lens. 2. When imaging with a lens, all the light rays emitted from each point on the object that illuminate the lens are imaged at the same position, blocking some of the light rays and not affecting others that illuminate the LED lighting lens, resulting in a complete image. However, due to the decrease in light on the shooting image, the brightness of the screen image will darken. The three changes of the lens: ① Changes in image size and distance: When an object approaches the focal point, the image becomes larger and the image distance becomes larger. ② Changes in image movement speed: When the object is located outside the focal length point of 2 times (u>2f) and the distance between the objects is greater than the image distance, an inverted and reduced image is formed, and the object's movement speed is greater than the image's movement speed; The distance variation of an object between 2 times the focal length and the focal length (f times the focal length). ③ The change in distance between object positions: When an object is at twice the focal length, the imaging is at twice the focal length on the other side, and the distance between object positions is smaller, equal to four times the focal length. When an object is outside the double focal length, the imaging is between the other side's focal length and the double focal length, and the object moves towards the double focal length, resulting in a smaller distance between the objects; When an object is at double focal length (between focal length and double focal length), the imaging is outside the other side at double focal length, and the object moves towards double focal length, resulting in a smaller distance between the objects; When an object moves towards the focus, the distance between objects increases.

The effect of LED lens is better than lampshades because it needs to shoot far! The lampshade spotlight has already passed through the lens (as the LED itself must have a lens) and passed through the lampshade spotlight again. This time it will waste a lot of light. It is best to spot the light in a lens, as the angle of light emitted by the lens is easy to handle. The basic concept of lenses: Lenses are made according to the laws of light refraction. A lens is an optical element made of transparent materials such as glass, crystal, etc A lens is a type of refracting mirror whose refractive surface consists of two spheres (a part of the sphere) or one sphere (a part of the sphere) and a transparent plane. It produces images in both real and virtual forms. Lenses can generally be divided into two categories: convex lenses and concave lenses. A convex lens with a central part thicker than the edge part is called a convex lens, and there are three types: biconvex, flat convex, and concave convex; A concave lens with a central part thinner than the edge part is called a concave lens, and there are three types: double concave, flat concave, and convex concave. led lens are generally made of silicone, which has high temperature resistance (can also be reflow soldered) and is commonly used for direct packaging on LED chips. Generally, silicone lenses have a small volume and a diameter of 3-10mm. LED lens are closely connected to the LED, which helps improve the luminous efficiency of the LED and changes the optical system of the LED light field distribution. LED lens is an optical system closely related to LED, which helps to improve the luminous efficiency of LED and change the light field distribution of LED. High power LED lens/reflective cups are mainly used for focusing and guiding light in high-power LED cold light source series products. High power LED lighting lens are designed with light distribution curves based on different LED emission angles, which increase optical reflection, reduce light loss, and improve light efficiency (while using non spherical optical lenses).

Fresnel lenses (also known as threaded lenses) are widely used in LED lighting lens, projection photography lighting, spotlights, and human infrared sensing products. The optical system of LED lens and spotlights consists of multiple Fresnel lenses. By utilizing the principles of light transmission and refraction, dispersed light sources can be focused into light spots or evenly distributed in parallel. In addition, in photographic lighting equipment, the luminous body of the light source can be focused at the center position of the spherical reflector through a Fresnel lens. Through the focus adjustment mechanism, the light source and reflector can move forward and backward along the optical axis of the Fresnel lens, thereby obtaining a beam of light with constantly changing angle sizes. Fresnel lenses (another process is non threaded lenses) are usually pressed with various patterns of turtle shell or honeycomb patterns to scatter light appropriately, resulting in a soft and uniform lighting effect. There are no obvious boundaries in the illuminated light field, making it easy to receive light. The beam angle of this lamp can be adjusted within the range of 15 ° to 60 °. There is a sunshade called a sunshade outside the lightbox, and there is usually a frame in front of the lens that can be used to install light paper. Most of the Fresnel lens spotlights used in cinematography lighting use tungsten halogen lamps as the light source, forming a series of lamps ranging from 200 watts to 20 kilowatts depending on the power of the light source. In addition to tungsten halogen lamps, there are also Fresnel lens spotlights with carbon arc as the light source, commonly referred to as carbon lamps. Carbon lamps have complex mechanical structures, heavy weight, large volume, and are contaminated by cyanide gas and smoke. However, due to the high luminous intensity and wide beam projection surface of carbon lamps, they can form high illuminance and are still difficult to be replaced by other types of lamps. In the 1980s, Fresnel lens spotlights using metal halide lamps as light sources entered the practical stage and gradually improved.